SAS® Macros for Exact Confidence Limits

نویسنده

  • Richard L. Berg
چکیده

Confidence intervals have a long history and have become an indispensable tool in statistical applications. The computation of confidence intervals for a mean based on normal (large sample) theory is straightforward and readily available in the SAS system through such procedures as PROC ANOV A and PROC GLM. For the case of small samples and non-normal distributions, however, normal theory based confidence intervals may provide a poor approximation to exact results. This paper presents a system of SAS macros for exact results with binomial, hypergeometric, or Poisson data, as well as nonparametric confidence intervals for the percentiles of a continuous distribution.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

A Collection of SAS Macros to Calculate Odds Ratios Using Spline Regression

In clinical and epidemiologic research investigating dose-response associations, non-parametric spline regression has long been proposed as a powerful alternative to conventional parametric approaches, since no underlying assumptions of linearity have to be fulfilled. For logistic spline models, however, to date, little standard statistical software is available to estimate any measure of risk,...

متن کامل

Creating Clinical Trial Summary Tables Containing P-Values: A Practical Approach Using Standard SAS Macros

P-value is a key criterion for evaluating the effectiveness and safety of new drugs in clinical trials, particularly in comparative studies. However, p-values are generally not presented in data summary tables generated with SAS software, because of the complexity of incorporating p-values into a formatted table that contains summary statistics, such as mean, proportion, or standard deviation. ...

متن کامل

Comparing the importance of prognostic factors in Cox and logistic regression using SAS

Two SAS macro programs are presented that evaluate the relative importance of prognostic factors in the proportional hazards regression model and in the logistic regression model. The importance of a prognostic factor is quantified by the proportion of variation in the outcome attributable to this factor. For proportional hazards regression, the program %RELIMPCR uses the recently proposed meas...

متن کامل

SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models.

Researchers often conduct mediation analysis in order to indirectly assess the effect of a proposed cause on some outcome through a proposed mediator. The utility of mediation analysis stems from its ability to go beyond the merely descriptive to a more functional understanding of the relationships among variables. A necessary component of mediation is a statistically and practically significan...

متن کامل

Sample Size Determination for a Nonparametric Upper Tolerance Limit for any Order Statistic

A nonparametric upper tolerance limit (UTL) bounds a specified percentage of the population distribution with specified confidence. The most common UTL is based on the largest order statistic (the maximum) where the number of samples required for a given confidence and coverage is easily derived for an infinitely large population. However, for other order statistics such as the second largest, ...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2012